Overview
A varicocele refers to the dilated veins in the scrotum. Varicoceles are not dangerous and may not create any symptoms or problems. It is more common in adolescent boys and may resolve on its own with time.
Varicoceles are very common and around 15% of the men have varicoceles. The condition mostly occurs due to anatomical factors.
The valves in the veins ensure that the blood flows in one direction and does not backflow. The scrotal veins carry the blood from the testes. If the valves in the scrotal veins are dysfunctional or weak, the blood may accumulate and pool in the veins causing intense pressure leading to vein engorgement or varicoceles.
Can I live with varicocele?
In most cases, varicoceles are asymptomatic and you may not be even aware that you have them. Most people do not need any treatment for varicoceles. Some people may experience scrotal pain which can be sharp or dull aching pain.
Some may be diagnosed with varicoceles during routine physical examination for infertility problems while fathering their first child.
Varicocele symptoms may be noticed during puberty; the left testes may be smaller than the right one.
Once you are diagnosed with varicoceles, you must seek immediate medical treatment to manage the varicocele symptoms.
Varicoceles can also impact your quality of life and your physical and emotional well-being.
The condition mostly occurs during puberty and the varicoceles may be visible through the scrotal skin. Many adolescents may get body conscious or feel frustrated about the appearance of their testes and the discomfort associated with the condition.
In some people, varicoceles may impact fertility. Young men diagnosed with varicoceles planning to start a family should seek medical and emotional support to face the challenges.
Managing physical and emotional well-being with varicoceles:
- Wear supportive, cotton underwear for pain relief
- Apply ice, take anti-inflammatory medications, and elevate your legs
- Avoid isolating yourself and seek support from family and close friends
- Talk to your counselor if you are feeling overwhelmed or depressed
- Seek early medical advice to manage the symptoms
Lifestyle modifications that can help with varicoceles:
- Eat fiber-rich foods that help in easy bowel movements
- Follow a healthy diet that boosts immunity and helps in alleviating symptoms of inflammation
- Do light exercises to improve blood flow
- Avoid heavy lifting or strenuous work that can exacerbate the symptoms
What are the best treatments for varicoceles?
Treatment for varicoceles depends on:
- Symptoms of pain or discomfort
- Infertility problems
- The left testicle is smaller than the right one
- Abnormality found in the semen analysis
Varicocele treatments
No treatment
Varicoceles that do not have any symptoms, discomfort, or infertility problems do not need any treatment.
Home treatment
Low-grade varicoceles that are causing mild swelling or pain can be managed with home treatments. Icing or cold packs can reduce inflammation. Wearing snug-fitting underwear provides relief from pain and inflammation.
Over-the-counter (OTC) medications can relieve aching and swelling. Avoid high-impact exercises or exertion to manage the symptoms.
When do I need a varicocele surgery?
A varicocele surgery is called a varicocelectomy. It is performed to treat painful varicoceles and infertility problems.
A varicocele surgery is recommended in the following conditions:
- There is significant pain and swelling that cannot be managed with home treatments or medications
- The affected testicle is smaller than its expected size
- To improve semen quality
Surgery for varicoceles:
Microscopic varicocelectomy
A tiny 1-cm cut is made above the scrotum. The surgeon uses a microscope to identify the varicose veins and ligate them. The procedure takes two to three hours.
Laparoscopic varicocelectomy
The surgery is performed using a thin tube attached to a camera called a laparoscope. A few small incisions are made into the lower abdomen. The laparoscope along with other surgical instruments is inserted through the incisions to perform the vein ligation. The procedure takes 30 to 40 minutes and you can return home the same day.
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Don't just jump into a surgery because your doctor is advising you to go for it. Consult our doctors to know if you need a surgery at all. Rest assured, we WON'T recommend you surgery unless it's the last resort.
